DNS - Domain Name System

Domain Name System (DNS) translates hostnames to IP addresses, it fulfills a critical role in the Internet infrastructure.
What happens is client sends query  to its local DNS server  and receives a response back.
Figure below explains the working of DNS :-

Lets look at nslookup.


nslookup is the most basic operation which allows the host to query any specified DNS server for a DNS record, which means nslookup sends a DNS query to the specified DNS server ,receives a DNS reply from that same DNS server , and displays the results.


See the figure below:-

Lets look at ipconfig.


ipconfig for Windows is the most useful utilities in your host , especially in network issues.
ipconfig can be used to show your current TCP/IP information , including your address , DNS server addresses , adapater type and so on.
To do ipconfig you need to go to command in the start menu and then type ipconfig.
ipconfig/all gives the complete information.


See the figure below:-
This is ipconfig :-

This is ipconfig/all :-